Start with age and spread together. A single failed detail (a boot, a flashing run, a valley) on a roof with flexible, granule covered shingles is a repair at almost any age. Failures appearing in different places in the same year, on shingles that crack when lifted, are the roof announcing its end as a system.
Beaumont adds the eligibility question to the usual arithmetic: a replacement that is not installed and documented to windstorm standards can cost more in insurance trouble than it saves in roofing. Run age, spread, and repair totals as everywhere, then add the certification line: whichever path you choose, the work should leave the roof's windstorm paperwork cleaner than it found it.
Then the arithmetic: list the repairs the roof plausibly needs in the next two years, not just today's. If that list reaches a third to a half of a replacement price, replacement usually wins, and it resets every component at once: decking checked, underlayment, flashing, ventilation, and covering on one clock.
Where repair clearly wins: a sound roof under about 15 years with one cause. Where replacement clearly wins: brittle mats across slopes, multiple damaged sections, or documented storm damage on an older roof. Everything between deserves both prices in writing before anyone signs.
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